Fluid discharge nozzle



Margh 13, 1945. v MCDOUGAL 2,371,533

FLUID DISCHARGE NOZZLE Original Filed Aug. 25, 1941 -.,............,..unkzzyaw INVENTOR'J Original application August '25, 194 1, Serial" No. 408,187; Divided-and t his-application J uly"15; 1944, Serial.No;.545,135

, 2 Claims. (o1. 299 107) This invention relates to a one-ypiece fiui'd dis charge nozzle, preferably assembled to' a-flange tosrender; the unit suitable for "demountable attachment} v Fonoverheadirrigationof land -areasit is necessary/to; direct the water stream',= preferably through" a-znozzl'e; upward andoutward from the distribution point I or points and, furthermore," to causewthe 5 directing nozzle to rotate continuoush or intermittentlyeabout a provided pivot in order toirrigate a' generated area;.. Toirealiz'e maximum throwing-gdistancer with. a given pressure at the nozzle, it is necessary to remove any turbulence present inuthe Water 'Stream' as it isidelivered to the. nozzle and. ifor thispurpose fit is the "practice toprovide straighteners inthe fern-110i a pack of small tubes :positionedinside and. 1 parallel to: the nozzle;

For, the: irrigation of. large" land: areas. water pressures ofthe order of 100' to-180 lbs/sq; are involved.- and a desirable size ofthe distributing nozzle isr-of-the order of :fortyinches inflength,

three inches-in diameter at its up=stream endand. one and one-half inches diameter at the orifice end; It'iha's been the:v practice, because of the length of such nozzles, to build them up of fianged sections bolted together with sealing gaskets. In one such arrangement the nozzle has been composed of three sections, the up-stream section being a straight 3-inch pipe flanged at one end for connection to the water source and at the other end for connection to a middle flanged casting containing a tapered hole. The third or orifice section is an internally machined casting flanged at one end for attachment to the middle section and having a discharge orifice at the other end. Such a nozzle weighs approximately 20% pounds and is therefore unwieldy besides being subject to leakage at the joints.

The aligned middle and orifice sections may be so joined to the up-stream section that their common aXis is inclined horizontally in respect to the horizontal axis of the latter. A stream, dis charging through the nozzle thus assembled, is deflected from its straight path at the point of the nozzles horizontal inclination and the force of deflection causes the pivoted nozzle to revolve in the case of continuous discharge, or to index in the case of intermittent discharge.

I recognize as old in the art, a nozzle whose inner bore consists respectively of a straight section, a truncated conical section and an orifice section and embodying a pack of straighteners to remove turbulence from a fluid stream passing through it, and also recognize that it is not new to incline horizontally (the tip" end of a -nozzle to effect rotation; 'and' I -donot claini suchato' be a part or: my invention; I

It isthe purpose pr 'myinvention, among other 1 things to provide a fluid discharge nozzle having a' bore so shaped' th at quantities of such nozzles may be produced with substantial savings 'over methods hitherto 'employedu A further purpose of my 'invention is toprovide' in saidbore -a shoulderior-seatagaiirst which astraightener pa'ck may abut to prevent said pack in service from we'dg'ing' into" the conical here next 'down stream, c'onse quently constzitting or 'c'losing openings of individual 'straightener tub'esz i Other "advantages of my invention will become scriptiorr which'follows:

In producing nozzles embodyingmy invention, j a mandrel 'prefrably of iLsteelis shaped-:1 by I ma chinin'grinxarlathe or by other suitable means to conform'rto the desired internal I contour of 'the nozzle. The mandrel is fixed to a drive. suitabk'e to :rotate it about: its iongauam raxis, suitableelengthofpipetsteel-Oncopper being preierred but 'of any otherrsuitablermetal' or :alloy, is placed overrthezimandrelir theaintemal' diameter of- 'th'e pipe corresponding to the maximum external diameter of the mandrel. Th mandrel and pipe i are then rotated simultaneously and preferably heat is applied by oxyacetylene torch or by other convenient means to soften the metal to a more workable state; and the pipe is spun against the mandrel using hand tools well known in the metal-spinning art. Although I have found the use of hand tools effective, mechanically mounted rollers could also be used. The spun nozzle is removed from the mandrel and next mounted on a stub mandrel, as later described in detail, for bending to its final form.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of apparatus for spinning a tubular blank to form a nozzle embodying my invention, the blank being shown in section.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through the nozzle after spinning but before bending of the end of the nozzle. In this figure the straightener tubes are shown in assembled position.

Figure 3 is a partial longitudinal section showing the equipment used in bending the end of the nozzle.

a -flange 2', internally threaded at I for attach apparent -from the de ment to the live center (not shown) of a lathe or to other suitable driving means. The cylindrical section 3 of the mandrel is of a diameter to conform to the internal diameter of the pipe 4. Other sections of the mandrel are, a shoulder 5, a truncated conical section 5, and tip I. The tip section 1 is provided with a bore 8 to receive the dead center 9 the latter mounted preferably on the tail stock (not sho n) of; the lathe or on other suitable support. The idling center 10 is interposed between the right end of pipe 4 and the dead center 9, to afford means of pressing said pipe against driving flange 2 thus assuring frictional drive of said pipe until such time as shoulder 5 and at least a portion of section B have established frictional driving contact with the partially spun pipe; center It) may then bev removed and center 9 advanced to engage the hole 8 to permit completion of the spinning operation;

In Figure 3 is shown in section, a stub arbor 3' and spun nozzle 4', the latter being in position to be slowly revolved through frictional contact with the former which is preferably attached to a. lathe center as described in connection with Fig.1. The spun nozzle 4' is preferably heated, (while slowly rotating), for a short distance along its length toward the orifice from, but adjacent to, end l3 of the stub arbor, before applying pressure while-stationary by some suitablemeans to bend the end ll so its longitudinal axis will be inclined from its original straightalignment with the remainder of the nozzle length. Extension of the stub arbor beyond shoulder '5' of the nozzle, to'position l3, affords support to said shoulder and prevents deformation thereofv during the bending operation. Bending pressure may conveniently be applied by slipping a pipe 15, as shown, over the nozzle tip. The shoulder v5' in the finished article serves to position the straightener l2.,

.Nozzles made by the above described methods are, because of their continuous one-piece structure, free fromtroublesome blow-out of gaskets with attendant service cost and service interruptions. Such failures are not uncommon where high pressures are involved as is the case in economically irrigating large areas. They may be manufactured in quantity from ordinary commercial metal pipe, spun over a once-machined mandrel, in contrast to the several individually machined or assembled sections formerly necessary for fabrication of each single nozzle. A rigid shoulder of-predetermined and controlled dimensions for retention of the straightener pack, and an accurately shaped orifice are realized at extremely low production cost. The actual weight of a nozzle as fabricated and assembled by prior art methods is approximately pounds while a nozzle of the same inner bore shape and length, as fabricated and assembled by means here disclosed, is approximately eleven pounds. Besides 7 representing a marked cost saving in labor and material, the new lighter-weight nozzle has the advantage of practically halving the objectionable eccentric load imposed upon the nozzles pivoted bearing.

This application is a division of my application Serial No. 408,187, filed August 25, 1941.

Having thus described --my invention, I claim:

1. A one-piece fluid discharge nozzle comprising a body of mechanically compressed metal having a substantially uniform wall thickness throughout and comprising a cylindrical portion, and a portion of reduced diameter connected to the first-named portion by an annular shoulder, said portion of reduced diameter having a tapered extremity. I '2. A one-piece fluid discharge nozzle comprising a body of mechanically compressed metal having a substantially uniform wall thickness throughout and comprising a cylindrical portion, and a portion of reduced diameter connected to the first-named portion by an annular shoulder, said portion of reduced diameter having a tapered extremity, the major portion of said reduced portion being bent so that its axis is inclined with respect to the axis of the-remainder of thenozzle.

TAINE G. MCDOUGAL. 

